English Working
Words
by TruAlfa
& IndoDic.com
There are
a small number of English words that are used very frequently in all types of
discourse. We refer to these as "Working Words" because they are used
so often. Our classification of a word as a Working Word is highly subjective
and arbitrary. We aren't following rules or guidelines but simply selecting
words with very common usage that we feel are somewhat generic in character and
usable in all types of discourse. Working Words are hard to classify by
conventional methods because most can be classified as more than one word type
and some can be classified as having 3 or 4 different word types. For example,
a large percentage of prepositions are also classified as conjunctions and some
of these are considered adverbs as well. It all depends on the context in which
they are used. They often act as connectors to link parts of sentences and to add
notions or concepts to the connection. Working Words are words that show
relationships and deserve special study in the early stages of a language
learning program.
In the tables
below we present Working Words in two different ways. The first table has them
arranged in alphabetical order (Alpahabetic Listing) while the second table
arranges them by the notion or concept inherent in each (Concept Listing). The
same information is duplicated in each table, only the order of presentation is
changed. The Concept Listing table deemphasizes word type and emphasizes the
notion or concept that is inherent in each. For example, the word
"on" can be classified by word type as a preposition, conjunction,
adverb or adjective, depending on how it is used in a sentence. Yet it has the same basic meaning of
"being on top of" in each of these and always indicates "where"
something is. It normally acts to link an actor or object in a sentence to a
phrase that describes position. We group it and all the other working words
that describe position under the category "where". Similar groupings are
done for other concepts such as "when", "also",
"regarding", "qualifying", etc. Working Words that have
more than one concept are placed in more than one category. We hope this new
approach will be useful for persons who are writing English text and who want
to see Working Words grouped by concept.
We have provided
Indonesian translations for each Working Word to allow Indonesian speakers who
are learning English to scan these translations and select the English working
word that best fits the notion they are trying to convey. Sample usages in
English for each are also included. Working Words may not be exciting, flashy
or sexy but they are hard workers that act as a form of glue to connect thoughts
in sentences. Unfortunately, Working Words also confuse and complicate the
learning process because of their multiple uses and meanings. However, the
doors of learning will open wider for those who can master these most commonly
used English words early in the learning program. Selamat belajar!
Working Words Alphabetical Sort
by TruAlfa & IndoDic.com
Working Word Multiple
Use Hints Type Indonesian
Translation
a article = sebuah;
seekor; suatu; satu
about 1 approximately adv. =
sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih
about 2 nearby; in the area adv. =
dimana-mana; kemana-mana
about 3 concerning; regarding var. =
tentang; atas; akan hal; berhubungan dengan
above adv. = atas; di atas; ke atas
across 1 the other side; across from adv. =
seberang; berseberangan; sebelah sana
across 2 blocking; in a crosswise position adv. =
lintang; batas lintang
afar adv. = dari jarak jauh; dari
tempat yang jauh; dari kejauhan
afore before adv. = di hadapan; di muka;
sebelumnya
after adv. = kemudian; sehabis;
sesudah; setelah; pasca
afterward(s) adv. =
kemudian; kelak; selanjutnya; setelah itu; sesudahnya
again adv. = lagi; pula; sekali lagi
against 1 opposed to var. =
terhadap; berlawanan; berlanggar; anti
against 2 in contact with; touching var. =
bersampingan; bersanding; bertempel
ago adv. = dulu; dahulu; lewat;
silam; tadi; yang lalu
ahead adv. = terdepan; di depan; di
muka
all adj. = semua; segala; segenap;
sekalian; seantero
almost adv. = hampir; nyaris; kurang
sedikit
aloft adv. = atas; ke atas; di atas
along 1 on the way adv. =
terus; sejalan
along 2 along with; together with var. =
serta; bersama-sama; bersama dengan
already adv. = sudah; telah; pernah
also adv. = juga; pula; pun
although var. = biarpun; meskipun;
sungguhpun; walaupun
always adv. = selalu; senantiasa;
selamanya
amid var. = di tengah; di antara
amidst var. = di tengah; di antara
among var. = antara; di antara; di
tengah-tengah
an article = sebuah;
seekor; suatu; satu
and var. = dan; serta; juga
another 1 a different one pron. =
lain; yang lain
another 2 one more; an additional one adj. =
satu lagi
any adj. = suatu; apa saja
anyhow adv. = lagi pula; bagaimanapun
anytime adv. = kapan-kapan; kapan
saja; bila saja
anyway however; besides adv. = lagi pula; bagaimanapun
anywhere adv. = di mana-mana;
kemana-mana; di mana saja; ke mana saja
apart adv. = pisah; tercerai;
terlerai; terpisah; berjauhan
around surrounding; nearby adv. = sekitar; seputar;
sekeliling; dekat
as adv. = sebagai; selaku;
sebagaimana; secara; seperti
at var. = di; pada
away adv. = jauh; tidak dekat
awhile adv. = sebentar; sesaat
because var. = karena; sebab; oleh
karena
before 1 in front of adv. =
di hadapan; di muka; di depan
before 2 earlier in time adv. =
dulu; lebih dulu; dahulu; sebelum; sebelumnya; tadi
behind in the rear adv. = di balik; di belakang
below adv. = bawah; di bawah
beneath adv. = di bawah
beside adv. = di sebelah; bersanding;
bersampingan; di samping; di sisi
besides moreover var. = selain; kecuali; lagi
pula; adapula
between var. = antara; di antara
beyond on the other side adv. = sebelah sana; seberang
both adj. = kedua; kedua-duanya;
berdua
but var. = cuma; hanya; tapi;
tetapi; padahal
by var. = oleh; demi; dengan;
pada
close nearby adv. = dekat; berdekatan;
tidak jauh
closer nearer in distance adv. = lebih dekat; lebih
mendekat
constantly adv. = selalu; bertubi-tubi;
terus-menerus
continually adv. = senantiasa;
terus-menerus; terus-terusan; nonstop
currently adv. = sekarang; saat ini;
kini
despite in spite of var. = walaupun; meskipun
different adj. = lain; bhinneka;
berbeda; senjang; tidak sama
differing different adj. = tidak sama; lain;
berkelainan
down under; below adv. = ke bawah; di bawah
during while adv. = selama; sewaktu;
semasa; sepanjang
each adj. = tiap; setiap;
tiap-tiap; masing-masing; saban
earlier adv. = dulu; dahulu; lebih
dahulu; tadi
either one or the other adj. = salah satu di antara
dua; mana saja; entah
enough adv. = cukup; sembada; memadai
equally adv. = sama- sama; bersamaan;
rata-rata; merata
even 1 even though var. =
meski; meskipun; namun; kalaupun; pun
even 2 even if var. =
kalaupun; sekalipun; biarpun; kendatipun; jika
even 3 yet
var. =
masih; namun; malah; tapi; tetapi
even 4 while
var. =
pada waktu; pada saat
evenly fairly adv. = rata-rata; sama rata
ever adv. = pernah; senantiasa
every adj. = segala; tiap; setiap;
segenap; saban
except except for var. = kecuali; selain;
terkecuali; melainkan
fair alright; good adv. = boleh juga; patut;
pantas
fairly 1 rather; somewhat adv. =
agak; rada
fairly 2 with fairness adv. =
secara fair; secara rata; secara wajar; secara jujur; tidak
pilih kasih
far adv. = jauh; tidak dekat
farther adv. = lebih jauh
finally adv. = akhirnya; akibatnya;
walhasil; lama-lama; pada akhirnya
firstly adv. = pertama-tama
for 1 supporting; liking var. =
mendahulukan; mendukung; lebih suka
for 2 indicating object or purpose var. =
untuk; kepada; bagi; demi; akan
fore var. = hadapan; di depan
forever adv. = selamanya; selalu;
senantiasa; tanpa akhirnya
from 1 indicating prior place var. =
dari
from 2 since; indicating prior time var. =
sejak
from 3 different than; compared to var. =
daripada
further 1 farther; more far adv. =
jauh-jauh; lebih jauh
further 2 additional; advanced adv. =
lebih lanjut; selanjutnya
furthermore additionally adv. = mana lagi; lagi pula;
seterusnya; di samping itu
hence therefore var. = oleh karena itu; oleh
sebab itu
henceforth from here forward adv. = seterusnya; dari
sekarang; untuk selanjutnya
her pron. = kepunyaan (perempuan);
milik (perempuan)
here var. = ini; sini; di sini; ke
sini; kemari
hereafter hereinafter; following this
adv. =
kemudian; sesudah sekarang; setelah ini
hereby adv. = dengan ini
hers pron. = kepunyaan dia
(perempuan); miliknya (perempuan)
higher adv. = lebih tinggi
his pron. = kepunyaannya (lelaki)
how adv. = bagaimana; mana;
betapa; berapa
however var. = bagaimanapun; biarpun
begitu; betapapun; akan tetapi; walaupun demikian
if var. = jika; kalau; jikalau;
bila; andai; sekiranya; seandainya
in var. = dalam; di; di dalam; ke
dalam; pada
inside within var. = di dalam; dalam;
berkandung
insofar to the extent adv. = sepanjang; sejauh
instead var. = malah; malahan; sebagai
gantinya; sebagai pengganti
into var. = dalam; ke dalam
inward adv. = ke dalam; dalam batin
its possessive form of "it" pron. =
kepunyaan dia (benda)
just 1 merely; only adv. =
saja; aja; sahaja; hanya
just 2 precisely adv. =
tepat; pas
just 3 recently adv. =
baru; baru saja; baru-baru ini
largely mostly; mainly adv. = sebagian besar;
kebanyakan sekali
lastly adv. = pada akhirnya; akhirnya
lately adv. = akhir-akhir ini;
baru-baru ini; barusan ini; belakangan ini
later adv. = nanti; kelak; pasca
like similar to; as if adj. = bagai; sebagai;
seperti; serupa; mirip
lots much; many adv. = banyak; besar jumlahnya
lower more low adv. = lebih rendah
many adj. = banyak; jumlah yang
banyak
maybe adv. = mungkin; barangkali;
boleh jadi; mudah-mudahan; belum tentu
meantime adv. = sementara
meanwhile adv. = sementara
merely adv. = saja; hanya; cuma;
semata; semata-mata
mine my property pron. = milikku; kepunyaanku
more adj. = lagi; lebih; lebih
banyak
moreover additionally adv. = lagi pula; apalagi;
bahkan; di samping; lebih-lebih; selain itu
most adj. = paling; paling banyak;
terbanyak; sebagian besar
mostly largely; mainly adv. = sebagian besar;
kebanyakan sekali
much adj. = banyak; besar jumlahnya
namely adv. = yaitu; yakni
near close adj. = dekat; berdampingan;
karib; berdekatan; tidak jauh
nearby adj. = dekat; berdampingan;
karib; berdekatan; tidak jauh
nearer adv. = lebih dekat
nearest adj. = terdekat; paling dekat
nearly adv. = hampir; nyaris;
menjelang
never adv. = tidak pernah; belum
pernah
next the following one adj. = berikutnya; besok; yang
akan datang pertama setelah ini
next to beside; side by side adv. = berdampingan;
bersebelahan; di sebelah; di samping; di dekat
nor neither var. = atau; kata penghubung
menandai pilihan
now adv. = kini; sekarang; saat
ini
of var. = dari; daripada
off 1 not on adj. =
putus; terputus; tidak hidup
off 2 inaccurate; wrong adj. = tidak
tepat; tidak akurat; salah
often adv. = sering; sering kali;
kerap; kerap kali; acap kali
on on top of adv. = di atas; pada puncaknya
only adj. = hanya; saja; cuma
onto var. = ke atas; di atas
onward adv. = terus; maju terus
or var. = atau; kata penghubung
menandai pilihan
other adj. = lain; lain-lain
otherwise 1 except for var. =
selain itu; selainnya
otherwise 2 if not var. =
jika tidak
our pron. = kami; kita
ours pron. = kepunyaan kami; milik
kami; kepunyaan kita
ourselves pron. = kami sendiri; kita
sendiri
out adv. = luar; keluar; di luar;
ke luar
outside external adv. = di luar; keluar;
ekstern
over 1 above; covering adv. =
atas; di atas
over 2 concerning; regarding var. =
mengenai; tentang; berkaitan dengan
over 3 as long as; over time var. =
selama; sepanjang
past 1 ago; former adv. =
yang lalu; yang silam; yang sudah lalu; lampau
past 2 beyond in time var. =
di masa yang lalu; masa lalu; masa lampau; zaman dulu
past 3 beyond in distance var. =
sebelah sana; di seberang
past 4 went by; marched past, etc. adv. =
lewat; lalu
per var. = per; setiap
plus in addition to; also var. = plus; dan; tambah
prior adv. = silam; sebelumnya; yang
lalu; mantan
provided on condition that; if var. = asalkan; jika
providing on condition that; if var. = asalkan; jika
quite adv. = amat; sangat; agaknya
rarely adv. = kadang; jarang-jarang;
hampir tidak pernah
rather somewhat adv. = agak; rada
readily adv. = dengan cepat; dengan
mudah
really adv. = betul-betul;
benar-benar; sungguh; sesungguhnya; sebenar-benarnya
recently adv. = akhir-akhir ini;
baru-baru ini; barusan ini
regarding concerning var. = tentang; terhadap;
bagi; mengenai
same adj. = sama; sama saja
secondly adv. = sekunder; di posisi
kedua
seemingly apparently adv. = nampaknya; tampaknya;
rupanya; rupa-rupanya; kiranya
seldom rarely; not often adv. = jarang; langka;
jarang-jarang; tidak sering
she pron. = ia; dia (perempuan)
shortly soon adv. = sebentar; singkatnya;
tak lama
should probability; if var. = jika; kalau; jikalau
simply 1 in a simple manner adv. =
secara sederhana; secara simpel; dengan kesederhanaan;
dengan lugas
simply 2 purely; only; just adv. =
hanya; belaka; semata-mata
since 1 because var. =
sebab; oleh karena; sebagai akibat
since 2 after a particular time var. =
sejak; semenjak; dari; sedari
so 1 extremely adj. =
amat; sangat
so 2 thus
var. =
begitu; maka; jadi; demikian; oleh karena itu
sole singular; the only one adj. = tunggal; eka; satu
some 1 several; a few adj. =
sedikit; beberapa tapi tidak banyak
some 2 a certain one adj. =
suatu; sesuatu
somebody pron. = seorang; seseorang
somehow adv. = bagaimanapun juga
someone pron. = seorang; seseorang
sometime adv. = kapan-kapan
sometimes adv. = kadang-kadang; kadang
kala; terkadang; acap kala
somewhere adv. = entah di mana; di suatu
tempat
soon adv. = segera; tidak lama
lagi; sebentar lagi
sooner adv. = dulu; lebih dulu;
dahulu; sebelum; sebelumnya
still yet; while; although adv. = masih; sedang; tengah
such adv. = begitu; demikian
surely adv. = niscaya; tentu saja;
pastilah
than var. = daripada; ketimbang
that 1 pron. =
yang; itu
that 2 var. =
bahwa
the article = si;
itu; tersebut
their pron. = kepunyaan mereka
theirs pron. = kepunyaan mereka
them pron. = mereka
themselves pron. = mereka sendiri; diri
mereka sendiri
then adv. = lalu; kemudian;
selanjutnya; lantas
there adv. = sana; situ; di sana; di
situ; ke sana; ke situ
thereafter var. = sesudahnya; setelah itu
thereby var. = dengan cara demikian
therefor var. = oleh karena itu; oleh
sebab itu
therefore var. = oleh karena itu; oleh
sebab itu
therein adv. = di dalamnya
these adj. = ini; nih
they pron. = mereka
this adj. = ini; nih
those pron. = itu; yang
though var. = meski; walaupun
through 1 finished; done adv. =
selesai; habis; rampung
through 2 by way of; via var. =
melalui; lewat
thru through var. = melalui; lewat
thus var. = begini; gini; demikian;
itulah; jadi; maka; makanya
till until var. = hingga; sampai; takat
to var. = ke; kepada; di; untuk
too also adv. = juga; pula; pun
toward var. = kepada; ke; ke arah;
terhadap
towards var. = kepada; ke; ke arah;
terhadap
truly adv. = betul; betul-betul;
benar-benar; sungguh
under adv. = di bawah
unless var. = kecuali bila; kecuali
jika
until var. = hingga; sampai
unto var. = ke; kepada
up adv. = di atas; ke atas; atas
upon var. = di atas; pada
upward adv. = ke atas
usually adv. = biasanya; umumnya
versus var. = versus; berlawanan;
lawan terhadap
very adj./adv. = sekali;
sangat; teramat
via var. = lewat; melalui; via
we pron. = kami; kita
what pron. = mana; apa
whatever pron. = apapun; apa pun
when adv. = kapan; kalau; bila;
apabila; bila mana; seketika; sewaktu; tatkala
whenever adv. = apabila; bila saja;
kapanpun; kapan saja
where adv. = mana; dimana; di mana;
ke mana
whereby var. = di mana; dengan mana
whereupon var. = lalu
wherever adv. = dimanapun; dimana-mana;
kemanapun; ke mana saja
which pron. = mana; yang; yang mana
while adv. = sambil; selama;
sewaktu; sedang; semasa; sembari
who pron. = siapa; siapakah; yang
whoever pron. = siapa pun; barang siapa
whom pron. = siapa; yang
whose pron. = siapa punya; kepunyaan
siapa
why var. = kenapa; mengapa
with var. = dengan; bareng; bersama
within var. = dalam; di dalam
without not having var. = tanpa; tiada; tidak
ada; tidak dengan; tuna
yearly adv. = tahunan; setiap tahun;
per tahun
you 1 pron. =
anda; engkau; kau; kamu
you 2 pron. =
kalian
your pron. = kamu punya; milikmu;
kepunyaanmu; kepunyaan kalian
yours pron. = kamu punya; milikmu;
kepunyaanmu; kepunyaan kalian
yourself pron. = diri sendiri; dirimu
CONCEPT SORT
- WORKING WORDS
Working
Word Working Clarifying
Concept Word Hints Indonesian Translation
also - along
along with; together with
var. = serta; bersama-sama; bersama dengan
also - also
adv.
= juga; pula; pun
also - and
var.
= dan; serta; juga
also - besides
moreover var.
= selain; kecuali; lagi pula; adapula
also - furthermore
additionally adv.
= mana lagi; lagi pula; seterusnya; di samping
itu
also - moreover
additionally adv.
= lagi pula; apalagi; bahkan; di samping;
lebih-lebih; selain itu
also - plus
in addition to; also var.
= plus; dan; tambah
although - although
var.
= biarpun; meskipun; sungguhpun; walaupun
although - though
var.
= meski; walaupun
comparison - from
different than; compared to
var. = daripada
comparison - than
var.
= daripada; ketimbang
favoring - for
supporting; liking var.
= mendahulukan; mendukung; lebih suka
how - about
approximately adv.
= sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih
how - across
blocking; in a crosswise position adv. =
lintang; batas lintang
how - again
adv.
= lagi; pula; sekali lagi
how - almost
adv.
= hampir; nyaris; kurang sedikit
how - as
adv.
= sebagai; selaku; sebagaimana; secara;
seperti
how - different
adj.
= lain; bhinneka; berbeda; senjang; tidak sama
how - differing
different adj.
= tidak sama; lain; berkelainan
how - enough
adv.
= cukup; sembada; memadai
how - equally
adv.
= sama- sama; bersamaan; rata-rata; merata
how - evenly
fairly adv.
= rata-rata; sama rata
how - fair
alright; good adv.
= boleh juga; patut; pantas
how - fairly
1 rather;
somewhat adv.
= agak; rada
how - fairly
2 with
fairness adv.
= secara fair; secara rata; secara wajar;
secara jujur; tidak pilih kasih
how - further
additional; advanced adv.
= lebih lanjut; selanjutnya
how - higher
adv.
= lebih tinggi
how - how
adv.
= bagaimana; mana; betapa; berapa
how - just
1 merely;
only adv.
= saja; aja; sahaja; hanya
how - just
2 precisely adv. =
tepat; pas
how - just
3 recently adv. =
baru; baru saja; baru-baru ini
how - largely
mostly; mainly adv.
= sebagian besar; kebanyakan sekali
how - like
similar to; as if adj.
= bagai; sebagai; seperti; serupa; mirip
how - maybe
adv.
= mungkin; barangkali; boleh jadi;
mudah-mudahan; belum tentu
how - merely
adv.
= saja; hanya; cuma; semata; semata-mata
how - more
adj.
= lagi; lebih; lebih banyak
how - mostly
largely; mainly adv.
= sebagian besar; kebanyakan sekali
how - nearly
adv.
= hampir; nyaris; menjelang
how - off
1 not
on adj. =
putus; terputus; tidak hidup
how - off
2 inaccurate;
wrong adj.
= tidak
tepat; tidak akurat; salah
how - quite
adv.
= amat; sangat; agaknya
how - rather
somewhat adv.
= agak; rada
how - readily
adv.
= dengan cepat; dengan mudah
how - really
adv.
= betul-betul; benar-benar; sungguh;
sesungguhnya; sebenar-benarnya
how - seemingly
apparently adv.
= nampaknya; tampaknya; rupanya; rupa-rupanya;
kiranya
how - simply
1 in a
simple manner adv.
= secara sederhana; secara simpel; dengan
kesederhanaan; dengan lugas
how - simply
2 purely;
only; just adv.
= hanya; belaka; semata-mata
how - so
extremely adj.
= amat; sangat
how - still
yet; while; although adv.
= masih; sedang; tengah
how - surely
adv.
= niscaya; tentu saja; pastilah
how - too
also adv.
= juga; pula; pun
how - truly
adv.
= betul; betul-betul; benar-benar; sungguh
how - usually
adv.
= biasanya; umumnya
how - very
adj./adv.
= sekali; sangat; teramat
however - anyhow
adv.
= lagi pula; bagaimanapun
however - anyway
however; besides adv.
= lagi pula; bagaimanapun
however - however
var.
= bagaimanapun; biarpun begitu; betapapun;
akan tetapi; walaupun demikian
nor - nor
neither var.
= atau; kata penghubung menandai pilihan
opposing - against
opposed to var.
= terhadap; berlawanan; berlanggar; anti
opposing - versus
var.
= versus; berlawanan; lawan terhadap
or - or
var.
= atau; kata penghubung menandai pilihan
qualifying - but
var.
= cuma; hanya; tapi; tetapi; padahal
qualifying - despite
in spite of var.
= walaupun; meskipun
qualifying - even
1 even
though var.
= meski; meskipun; namun; kalaupun; pun
qualifying - even
2 even if var. =
kalaupun; sekalipun; biarpun; kendatipun; jika
qualifying - even
3 yet var. =
masih; namun; malah; tapi; tetapi
qualifying - except
except for var.
= kecuali; selain; terkecuali; melainkan
qualifying - if
var.
= jika; kalau; jikalau; bila; andai;
sekiranya; seandainya
qualifying - instead
var.
= malah; malahan; sebagai gantinya; sebagai
pengganti
qualifying - otherwise
1 except
for var.
= selain itu; selainnya
qualifying - otherwise
2 if
not var.
= jika tidak
qualifying - provided
on condition that; if var.
= asalkan; jika
qualifying - providing
on condition that; if var.
= asalkan; jika
qualifying - should
probability; if var.
= jika; kalau; jikalau
qualifying - unless
var.
= kecuali bila; kecuali jika
question
- why
var.
= kenapa; mengapa
reason why - because
var.
= karena; sebab; oleh karena
reason why - since
because var.
= sebab; oleh karena; sebagai akibat
regarding - about
concerning; regarding var.
= tentang; atas; akan hal; berhubungan dengan
regarding - over
concerning; regarding var.
= mengenai; tentang; berkaitan dengan
regarding - regarding
concerning var.
= tentang; terhadap; bagi; mengenai
therefore - hence
therefore var.
= oleh karena itu; oleh sebab itu
therefore - so
thus var.
= begitu; maka; jadi; demikian; oleh karena
itu
therefore - thereby
var.
= dengan cara demikian
therefore - therefor
var.
= oleh karena itu; oleh sebab itu
therefore - therefore
var.
= oleh karena itu; oleh sebab itu
therefore - thus
var.
= begini; gini; demikian; itulah; jadi; maka;
makanya
therefore - whereby
var.
= di mana; dengan mana
therefore - whereupon
var.
= lalu
what - what
pron.
= mana; apa
what - whatever
pron.
= apapun; apa pun
when - ago
adv.
= dulu; dahulu; lewat; silam; tadi; yang lalu
when - already
adv.
= sudah; telah; pernah
when - always
adv.
= selalu; senantiasa; selamanya
when - anytime
adv.
= kapan-kapan; kapan saja; bila saja
when - awhile
adv.
= sebentar; sesaat
when - before
earlier in time adv.
= dulu; lebih dulu; dahulu; sebelum;
sebelumnya; tadi
when - constantly
adv.
= selalu; bertubi-tubi; terus-menerus
when - continually
adv.
= senantiasa; terus-menerus; terus-terusan;
nonstop
when - currently
adv.
= sekarang; saat ini; kini
when - during
while adv.
= selama; sewaktu; semasa; sepanjang
when - earlier
adv.
= dulu; dahulu; lebih dahulu; tadi
when - even
while var.
= pada waktu; pada saat
when - ever
adv.
= pernah; senantiasa
when - finally
adv.
= akhirnya; akibatnya; walhasil; lama-lama;
pada akhirnya
when - firstly
adv.
= pertama-tama
when - forever
adv.
= selamanya; selalu; senantiasa; tanpa
akhirnya
when - from
since; indicating prior time
var. = sejak
when - henceforth
from here forward adv.
= seterusnya; dari sekarang; untuk selanjutnya
when - hereafter
hereinafter; following this
adv. = kemudian; sesudah sekarang; setelah ini
when - lastly
adv.
= pada akhirnya; akhirnya
when - lately
adv.
= akhir-akhir ini; baru-baru ini; barusan ini;
belakangan ini
when - later
adv.
= nanti; kelak; pasca
when - meantime
adv.
= sementara
when - meanwhile
adv.
= sementara
when - never
adv.
= tidak pernah; belum pernah
when - now
adv.
= kini; sekarang; saat ini
when - often
adv.
= sering; sering kali; kerap; kerap kali; acap
kali
when - over
as long as; over time var.
= selama; sepanjang
when - past
1 ago;
former adv.
= yang lalu; yang silam; yang sudah lalu;
lampau
when - past
2 beyond in
time var.
= di masa yang lalu; masa lalu; masa lampau;
zaman dulu
when - prior
adv.
= silam; sebelumnya; yang lalu; mantan
when - rarely
adv.
= kadang; jarang-jarang; hampir tidak pernah
when - recently
adv.
= akhir-akhir ini; baru-baru ini; barusan ini
when - secondly
adv.
= sekunder; di posisi kedua
when - seldom
rarely; not often adv.
= jarang; langka; jarang-jarang; tidak sering
when - shortly
soon adv.
= sebentar; singkatnya; tak lama
when - since
after a particular time var.
= sejak; semenjak; dari; sedari
when - sometime
adv.
= kapan-kapan
when - sometimes
adv.
= kadang-kadang; kadang kala; terkadang; acap
kala
when - soon
adv.
= segera; tidak lama lagi; sebentar lagi
when - sooner
adv.
= dulu; lebih dulu; dahulu; sebelum;
sebelumnya
when - then
adv.
= lalu; kemudian; selanjutnya; lantas
when - thereafter
var.
= sesudahnya; setelah itu
when - till
until var.
= hingga; sampai; takat
when - until
var.
= hingga; sampai
when - when
adv.
= kapan; kalau; bila; apabila; bila mana;
seketika; sewaktu; tatkala
when - whenever
adv.
= apabila; bila saja; kapanpun; kapan saja
when - while
adv.
= sambil; selama; sewaktu; sedang; semasa;
sembari
when - yearly
adv.
= tahunan; setiap tahun; per tahun
where - about
nearby; in the area adv.
= dimana-mana; kemana-mana
where - above
adv.
= atas; di atas; ke atas
where - across
the other side; across from
adv. = seberang; berseberangan; sebelah sana
where - afar
adv.
= dari jarak jauh; dari tempat yang jauh; dari
kejauhan
where - afore
before adv.
= di hadapan; di muka; sebelumnya
where - after
adv.
= kemudian; sehabis; sesudah; setelah; pasca
where - afterward(s) adv. =
kemudian; kelak; selanjutnya; setelah itu; sesudahnya
where - against
in contact with; touching
var. = bersampingan; bersanding; bertempel
where - ahead
adv.
= terdepan; di depan; di muka
where - aloft
adv.
= atas; ke atas; di atas
where - along
on the way adv.
= terus; sejalan
where - amid
var.
= di tengah; di antara
where - amidst
var.
= di tengah; di antara
where - among
var.
= antara; di antara; di tengah-tengah
where - anywhere
adv.
= di mana-mana; kemana-mana; di mana saja; ke
mana saja
where - apart
adv.
= pisah; tercerai; terlerai; terpisah;
berjauhan
where - around
surrounding; nearby adv.
= sekitar; seputar; sekeliling; dekat
where - at
var.
= di; pada
where - away
adv.
= jauh; tidak dekat
where - before
in front of adv.
= di hadapan; di muka; di depan
where - behind
in the rear adv.
= di balik; di belakang
where - below
adv.
= bawah; di bawah
where - beneath
adv.
= di bawah
where - beside
adv.
= di sebelah; bersanding; bersampingan; di
samping; di sisi
where - between
var.
= antara; di antara
where - beyond
on the other side adv.
= sebelah sana; seberang
where - by
var.
= oleh; demi; dengan; pada
where - close
nearby adv.
= dekat; berdekatan; tidak jauh
where - closer
nearer in distance adv.
= lebih dekat; lebih mendekat
where - down
under; below adv.
= ke bawah; di bawah
where - far
adv.
= jauh; tidak dekat
where - farther
adv.
= lebih jauh
where - fore
var.
= hadapan; di depan
where - from
indicating prior place var.
= dari
where - further
farther; more far adv.
= jauh-jauh; lebih jauh
where - here
var.
= ini; sini; di sini; ke sini; kemari
where - in
var.
= dalam; di; di dalam; ke dalam; pada
where - inside
within var.
= di dalam; dalam; berkandung
where - into
var.
= dalam; ke dalam
where - inward
adv.
= ke dalam; dalam batin
where - lower
more low adv.
= lebih rendah
where - near
close adj.
= dekat; berdampingan; karib; berdekatan;
tidak jauh
where - nearby
adj.
= dekat; berdampingan; karib; berdekatan;
tidak jauh
where - nearer
adv.
= lebih dekat
where - nearest
adj.
= terdekat; paling dekat
where - next
to beside; side by side adv.
= berdampingan; bersebelahan; di sebelah; di
samping; di dekat
where - on
on top of adv.
= di atas; pada puncaknya
where - onto
var.
= ke atas; di atas
where - onward
adv.
= terus; maju terus
where - out
adv.
= luar; keluar; di luar; ke luar
where - outside
external adv.
= di luar; keluar; ekstern
where - over
above; covering adv.
= atas; di atas
where - past
3 beyond in
distance var.
= sebelah sana; di seberang
where - past
4 went by;
marched past, etc. adv.
= lewat; lalu
where - somewhere
adv.
= entah di mana; di suatu tempat
where - there
adv.
= sana; situ; di sana; di situ; ke sana; ke
situ
where - therein
adv.
= di dalamnya
where - through
1 finished;
done adv.
= selesai; habis; rampung
where - through
2 by way
of; via var.
= melalui; lewat
where - thru
through var.
= melalui; lewat
where - to
var.
= ke; kepada; di; untuk
where - toward
var.
= kepada; ke; ke arah; terhadap
where - towards
var.
= kepada; ke; ke arah; terhadap
where - under
adv.
= di bawah
where - unto
var.
= ke; kepada
where - up
adv.
= di atas; ke atas; atas
where - upon
var.
= di atas; pada
where - upward
adv.
= ke atas
where - via
var.
= lewat; melalui; via
where - where
adv.
= mana; dimana; di mana; ke mana
where - wherever
adv.
= dimanapun; dimana-mana; kemanapun; ke mana
saja
where - with
var.
= dengan; bareng; bersama
where - within
var.
= dalam; di dalam
where - without
not having var.
= tanpa; tiada; tidak ada; tidak dengan; tuna
which - a
article
= sebuah; seekor; suatu; satu
which - all
adj.
= semua; segala; segenap; sekalian; seantero
which - an
article
= sebuah; seekor; suatu; satu
which - another
1 a
different one pron.
= lain; yang lain
which - another
2 one more;
an additional one adj.
= satu lagi
which - any
adj.
= suatu; apa saja
which - both
adj.
= kedua; kedua-duanya; berdua
which - each
adj.
= tiap; setiap; tiap-tiap; masing-masing;
saban
which - either
one or the other adj.
= salah satu di antara dua; mana saja; entah
which - every
adj.
= segala; tiap; setiap; segenap; saban
which - for
indicating object or purpose
var. = untuk; kepada; bagi; demi; akan
which - many
adj.
= banyak; jumlah yang banyak
which - most
adj.
= paling; paling banyak; terbanyak; sebagian
besar
which - much
adj.
= banyak; besar jumlahnya
which - next
the following one adj.
= berikutnya; besok; yang akan datang pertama
setelah ini
which - only
adj.
= hanya; saja; cuma
which - other
adj.
= lain; lain-lain
which - same
adj.
= sama; sama saja
which - sole
singular; the only one adj.
= tunggal; eka; satu
which - such
adv.
= begitu; demikian
which - that
1 pron. =
yang; itu
which - that
2 var. =
bahwa
which - the
article
= si; itu; tersebut
which - these
adj.
= ini; nih
which - this
adj.
= ini; nih
which - those
pron.
= itu; yang
which - which
pron.
= mana; yang; yang mana
who - ourselves
pron.
= kami sendiri; kita sendiri
who - she
pron.
= ia; dia (perempuan)
who - somebody
pron.
= seorang; seseorang
who - someone
pron.
= seorang; seseorang
who - them
pron.
= mereka
who - themselves
pron.
= mereka sendiri; diri mereka sendiri
who - they
pron.
= mereka
who - we
pron.
= kami; kita
who - who
pron.
= siapa; siapakah; yang
who - whoever
pron.
= siapa pun; barang siapa
who - whom
pron.
= siapa; yang
who - you
1 pron. =
anda; engkau; kau; kamu
who - you
2 pron. =
kalian
who - yourself
pron.
= diri sendiri; dirimu
whose - her
pron.
= kepunyaan (perempuan); milik (perempuan)
whose - hers
pron.
= kepunyaan dia (perempuan); miliknya
(perempuan)
whose - his
pron.
= kepunyaannya (lelaki)
whose - its
possessive form of "it" pron. =
kepunyaan dia (benda)
whose - mine
my property pron.
= milikku; kepunyaanku
whose - our
pron.
= kami; kita
whose - ours
pron.
= kepunyaan kami; milik kami; kepunyaan kita
whose - their
pron.
= kepunyaan mereka
whose - theirs
pron.
= kepunyaan mereka
whose - whose
pron.
= siapa punya; kepunyaan siapa
whose - your
pron.
= kamu punya; milikmu; kepunyaanmu; kepunyaan
kalian
whose - yours
pron.
= kamu punya; milikmu; kepunyaanmu; kepunyaan
kalian
misc. - hereby
adv.
= dengan ini
misc. - insofar
to the extent adv.
= sepanjang; sejauh
misc. - lots
much; many adv.
= banyak; besar jumlahnya
misc. - namely
adv.
= yaitu; yakni
misc. - of
var.
= dari; daripada
misc. - per
var.
= per; setiap
misc. - some
1 several;
a few adj.
= sedikit; beberapa tapi tidak banyak
misc. - some
2 a certain
one adj.
= suatu; sesuatu
misc. - somehow
adv.
= bagaimanapun juga